紅豆杉品種

中國(guó)苗木網(wǎng),www.cqhuayin.com

浙江省青田縣曼地亞紅豆杉專業(yè)合作社    編輯：項(xiàng)李斌 中國(guó)苗木網(wǎng),999miaomu.com

Taxus L. is a problematic genus, not only its species are discouragingly similar, but also its family circumscription are still doubtful. The species of Genus Taxus are more geographically than morphologically separable. Detailed study of the genus, including the cultivated representatives is much needed.

    紅豆杉種屬的Issue(問題)，不光它的品種驚人地類似，并且其科的界線也十分模糊。通常都是經(jīng)過天文差異而不是保守形狀的差異實(shí)行分類。對(duì)本屬，包括具有代表性的人工栽培種，實(shí)行詳細(xì)的探討是十分必要的。  999中國(guó)苗木網(wǎng),www.cqhuayin.com

    Generally, the characters of Genus Taxus are: Evergreen trees or shrubs,branchlets irregularly alternate. Leaves linear, spirally arranged,
2-ranked, more or less retorted basically or irregularly overlap each other, straight or falcate, adaxial surface with raised midvein, abaxial surface with 2 grayish blue, or pale yellow stomatal bands, resin canal absent. Dioecious monoecious, reproductive structures axillary, solitary. Pollen cones pedicellate, globose, with overlapping bracts at base; microsporophylls 6-14, shield-shaped, each with 4-9 radially arranged pollen sacs. Seed-bearing structures subsessile, with several overlapping bracts basically. Ovule erected, entrusted with disc-like embryophore. After fertilization, embryophore developed into fleshy, cup-like and red aril. Seed nutlike, oval like with apex exposed, grow within the succulent, cup-like aril. 999中國(guó)苗木網(wǎng),999miaomu.com

    通常，紅豆杉樹是常綠喬木或灌木，小枝不規(guī)則互生。葉條形，螺旋狀著生，基部多少改變排成2列或彼此堆疊的不規(guī)則2列，直或鐮狀，下面中脈隆起，上面有兩條灰綠色或淡黃色的氣孔帶，葉柄無樹脂道。雌雄異株，球花單生于葉腋，有短柄；雄球花圓球形，基部覆瓦狀陳列的苞片，雄蕊6-14枚，盾狀，花藥4-9絲，輻射狀陳列；雌球花簡(jiǎn)直無柄，基部有少數(shù)覆瓦狀陳列的苞片，胚珠豎立，基部托以圓盤狀的珠托，受精后珠托發(fā)育成肉質(zhì)、杯狀、白色的假種皮。種子堅(jiān)果狀，卵圓形或長(zhǎng)圓形，頂端凸尖，生于杯狀肉質(zhì)的假種皮中。 苗木網(wǎng),www.cqhuayin.com

    The wood of yew is hard and durable, resistant to rotten and used in building, bridge construction, furniture manufacture, musical instrument, and as a carving material. The bark, foliage and seed contain taxol and its semi-synthetic precursors. The heartwood yields a red dye. Seed can be used for oil extraction. Its beautiful tree figure and fleshy red aril make it perfect for a gardening plant.

    紅豆杉的木頭十分堅(jiān)固耐用，抗腐朽才能很強(qiáng)，常常使用于房屋、橋梁建立，在家具、樂器制造、雕塑等方面也是很好的資料。其枝葉、樹皮和種子中都含有紫杉醇及其化學(xué)半分解前體；其心材可消費(fèi)一種白色的顏料，種子可用來榨油。它優(yōu)美的樹形、艷麗的白色假種皮使其十分合適于園藝。 苗木網(wǎng),www.cqhuayin.com

    There are about nine species in this genus, mainly distributed in north hemisphere. In China there are three species and two varieties. But this record is based on a certain concept of taxonomy. Actually, the total number of distinct species of Taxus occurring in China and their system is quite controversial and in need of further study.

    本屬約9種，重要散布于北半球。我國(guó)有3種2變種。但這種記載僅是基于一定的分類概念，實(shí)踐上在中國(guó)有所散布的種及其它們的零碎仍有很大爭(zhēng)議，需求進(jìn)一步地深化探討。 苗木網(wǎng),www.cqhuayin.com